- Горизонт № 12 by Horizon Media Group - Issuu
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- Лаврович Леонид Аркадьевич
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The Civil Partnerships Bill was introduced into Parliament on 25 October and passed its first reading on a 46—30 vote. Members of the then-governing Labor Party were granted a conscience vote. The state election was held soon after civil partnerships became available, with differing policy approaches offered by parties.
The Labor Party and Queensland Greens supported retaining them without changes. Before the LNP took office, party leader Campbell Newman stated that repealing the laws after couples had already entered into civil partnerships would create an "unacceptable and intolerable situation", and so promised to do nothing. On 12 June , Premier Newman and Attorney-General Jarrod Bleijie announced that the legislation would be amended to remove aspects that "mimicked marriage", such as the option of an official ceremony, to avoid offending conservative religious groups.
Apart from renaming the legislation to the Relationships Act , other changes included: changing the terminology to "registered relationships"; amending the termination process, so that instead of seeking a court order from the District Court , an application would be lodged with the Registrar of Births, Deaths and Marriages, thereby reducing the similarities with obtaining a divorce; and repealing the option of state-sanctioned ceremonies. Following the Queensland election in January , the Labor Party returned to power, defeating the Liberal National Party and forming minority government.
Горизонт № 12 by Horizon Media Group - Issuu
In May , the Labor Government announced its intention to reinstate civil partnerships and state-sanctioned official ceremonies. Under the legislation, any couple has the option of participating in an official ceremony prior to having their relationships registered. On 3 December , the bill passed the parliament by a margin of 64 votes to The Act came into effect following a number of administrative procedures, [] with civil partnerships resuming in the state on 2 April Queensland automatically recognises the civil union or relationship registration schemes of New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia and the Australian Capital Territory and they are taken to be a civil partnership for the purposes of Queensland law.
Since April , all Australian jurisdictions legally allow same-sex couples to adopt children. Before , same-sex couples in Queensland had limited recognition under Queensland parenting law. They were unable to legally adopt a child, but were allowed to act as foster parents. The issue of same-sex adoption first gained prominence in , when the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission HREOC issued a report entitled National Inquiry into Discrimination against People in Same-Sex Relationships which recommended amending or creating laws recognising the relationship between a child and both same-sex parents.
Although discriminatory, the adoption legislation excluded operation of the Anti-Discrimination Act. A key reform enabled foster parents to more easily adopt their foster children, although same-sex foster parents were excluded. She announced the government was seeking public submissions about the laws as part of a five-year review of the legislation. The bill would also allow more information to be given to adoptees, make it easier for step-parents to adopt, and remove the offence and penalty for breaches of "no contact" provisions for adoptions before The bill returned to the parliament and was debated in the Assembly on 2 November.
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Parliament divided on six clauses in the bill all of which expanded the adoption eligibility criteria to allow same-sex couples and single persons to adopt , with 43 votes in favour and 43 opposed. All members of the Labor government voted in favour of the bill and all members of the Liberal National opposition voted against. The Speaker Independent MP Peter Wellington cast the decisive vote in favour of the bill, ensuring it passed the parliament.
Socially-infertile women lesbians are permitted access to assisted reproductive treatment ART such as in vitro fertilisation IVF treatment in Queensland. Section 21 of the Status of Children Act provides that where a de facto or married woman, or a woman in a same-sex relationship, gives birth as a result of using artificial insemination without the consent of her partner, the donor of the semen used has no rights or liabilities in relation to the child born as a result of that procedure. This exclusion of liabilities and rights also applies to a man donating semen to a single woman.
Queensland law also allows fertility clinics to refuse to provide assisted reproductive technology services based on the relationship status or sexuality of those seeking such services. The Surrogate Parenthood Act , which commenced on 6 October , prohibited all forms of surrogacy , formal and informal, paid and altruistic. All surrogacy contracts were deemed void and entering into an agreement or offering to do so , as well as giving or receiving payment were prohibited. Any advertising in relation to surrogacy was also prohibited.
In May , a parliamentary committee was formed to examine whether to decriminalise altruistic surrogacy in Queensland. Commercial surrogacy was immediately ruled out. In October , Attorney-General Cameron Dick released for consultation draft laws to decriminalise altruistic surrogacy and put into place certain strict requirements, including satisfying the court they have undergone counselling, received independent legal advice and have established a medical or social need for the surrogacy. The draft Bill would not restrict who can enter into a surrogacy arrangement, meaning that a couple, either married or de facto same-sex or heterosexual or a single person male or female may be the intended parent or intended parents in a surrogacy arrangement and then subsequently apply for a parentage order.
The decriminalisation of altruistic surrogacy allows singles and couples to enter into surrogacy arrangements and to become the parent of a child. It remains illegal for Queensland residents to enter into commercial surrogacy arrangements anywhere in the world. The law took effect on 1 June During the election campaign, LNP leader Campbell Newman stated that the party would not change the new surrogacy laws if it won government. Birth certificates and driver licences are within the jurisdiction of the states, whereas marriage and passports are matters for the Commonwealth.
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Transgender and intersex activists have campaigned to have this abolished for years. Since October , Queensland no longer by regulation records both height or gender on an individuals drivers licence. If a transgender person wishes to change their name as part of their gender transition, they should do so before seeking to update their birth certificate. Activists have called for several existing requirements to be relaxed or removed, to make it easier for people to change their birth certificates. Before June the law required post-operative transgender people to divorce their spouse before their gender could be officially changed, a requirement criticised on social media.
The requirement for sexual reassignment surgery remains.
Лаврович Леонид Аркадьевич
In January , the Queensland Supreme Court allowed a transgender teenager to get approval for medical treatment with puberty blockers - by just one parents permission. The Anti Discrimination Act initially protected gay men and lesbians from discrimination on the grounds of "lawful sexual activity".
On 29 November , Queensland Parliament passed the Discrimination Law Amendment Act which reformed a wide range of areas in the Queensland Anti-Discrimination Act such as couples whether same sex or de facto , including transgender persons "gender identity" and "sexuality" in protection under existing Anti-Discrimination and Anti-Vilification legislation. The areas covered are work and work related; education; goods and services; superannuation and insurance; disposal of land; accommodation; club membership; administration of state laws and programs; local government; existing partnership and in pre-partnership.
In practice, those facing discrimination on the basis of gender identity have faced difficulties in pursuing anti-discrimination claims — in its annual report, the Anti-Discrimination Commission of Queensland noted that a single gender identity claim — 0. Federal employment protection does include "sexual orientation" in the federal Fair Work Act If it cannot be conciliated, the Commission prepares a report to the federal Attorney-General who then tables the report in Parliament.
It is important to note that such discrimination is not rendered unlawful under the Act. The Human Rights Sexual Conduct Act provided that sexual conduct involving only consenting adults 18 years or over acting in private would not be subject to arbitrary interference by law enforcement. This applies to any law of the Commonwealth, State or Territory.
In the Newman Government published a policy statement entitled "Supporting Same Sex Attracted, Intersex or Transgender Students at School", but it subsequently revoked the policy in favour of allowing principals to make decisions on a case-by-case basis. Following the rollout of the Safe Schools anti-LGBTI bullying program across the country, controversy arose when social conservatives such as George Christensen and the Australian Christian Lobby opposed it for allegedly promoting age-inappropriate "radical sex education and gender theories" to children, with opposing petitions both for and against the program prepared for the Queensland Parliament.
On 21 March , the Queensland Parliament approved legislation clarifying that its Criminal Code did not allow unwanted sexual advances to be considered provocation , effectively abolishing the gay panic defence under Queensland law.
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Historically, Australian courts interpreted the law of provocation to allow a man charged with the murder of another man to claim that he was provoked by a non-violent sexual advance from the deceased; this could act as a partial defence to murder, reducing the crime to manslaughter and resulting in a lower penalty.
A report by the Queensland Law Reform Commission on the topic of provocation stated "it is difficult to imagine how a non-violent sexual advance to a man by a woman could be regarded as justification for killing the person making the advance In May , the Palaszczuk Government announced its intention to remove the homosexual advance defence by the end of the year. On 30 November the Attorney-General introduced legislation to amend the provocation section of the Criminal Code so that an "unwanted sexual advance" could no longer reduce the criminal responsibility for a killing from murder to manslaughter.
On 21 March , the bill was read a second time and passed the parliament. The bill received royal assent on 30 March , becoming the Criminal Law Amendment Act , and went into effect immediately. Queensland effective since 20 August , became the first jurisdiction within Australia to legally ban conversion therapy for sexual orientation or gender identity - with a maximum penalty of 18 months imprisonment and fines. Health Minister Steven Miles had announced the plan to ban gay conversion therapy practices in the state in November A Roy Morgan poll confirmed Queensland as being the most anti-gay state in the nation, with one third of Queensland respondents considering homosexuality to be immoral.
In , Alan Berman and Shirleene Robinson released the findings of the largest survey ever undertaken into homophobic and transphobic abuse and reporting in Queensland. A person who is in a same sex, spousal or intimate personal relationship is protected by the Domestic and Family Violence Protection Act Couples in same-sex relationships who are victims of relationship violence may take out domestic violence orders against a violent partner, and other protective measures, including counselling services.
In , Marcus Volke drew heavy media attention after murdering his transgender wife and committing suicide. Information about LGBT intimate partner violence is sparse, with studies conducted to date suggesting it is on par or higher than for the general population. The ads were temporarily removed by billboard company Adshel after an Australian Christian Lobby -orchestrated complaint campaign before being reinstated following a public outcry. The minister made the announcement through the media without contacting the organisation beforehand. With the election of the Palaszczuk Government in , incoming health minister Cameron Dick announced that funding would be restored to the Queensland AIDS Council, with continued focus on preventative health, research and promotion.
Accurate estimates of the LGBTI population are difficult owing to under-reporting, particularly among older same-sex couples. For women, the figures were 0. For women, the corresponding statistics were According to the Australian Census , the highest proportion of same-sex couples in Queensland live in inner-city Brisbane and on the Gold Coast. The Queensland Gay Community Periodic Survey reported that between and , there was a significant increase in the proportion of men who reported having met men through the mobile applications such as Grindr Mobile applications have become the most common way that men in Queensland meet male sex partners.
Other common methods include meeting through the internet By Australian standards Queensland has a comparatively conservative political culture, with right wing parties enjoying stronger levels of support compared to other states. The presence of a powerful "religious right" lobby in the conservative Liberal National Party of Queensland LNP is the subject of media commentary. However, the impact of social conservatism in the state has gradually declined over time, particularly in metropolitan areas such as the state capital Brisbane and the surrounding south-east Queensland region.
Following the victory of the LNP at the state election , the party enacted several policy changes that were criticised by gay rights advocates. Labor defeated the LNP at the state election , achieving re-election in the state election. During its term in office the Labor government has introduced several pro-LGBTI policies, such as reinstating civil partnerships, equalising the age of consent at 16, allowing singles and same-sex couples to adopt children, abolishing the gay panic defence , repealing the "transgender divorce law", restoring funding to the LGBTI Legal Service, allowing men with historical convictions for decriminalised conduct in to have their adult consensual gay sex criminal records cleared and outlawing gay conversion therapy.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.